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50 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT - ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ NẴNG

EVALUATION OF KINETICS AND

MATERIAL ASPECTS IN SOLID-STATE

HYDROGEN STORAGE

Bui Van Hung*, Vo Du Dịnh, Lam Dao Nhon, Mai Duc Hung,
Le Anh Van, Nguyen Hung Tam, Vo The Hac, Phan Nhu Thuat,
Duong Anh Khoa, Huynh Gia Huy, Ha Anh Vu
University of Technology and Education, the University of Da Nang
* Corresponding author: Bui Van Hung (email: bvhung@ute.udn.vn)

Abstract - Solid hydrogen storage is considered the best stores and releases hydrogen at room temperature, has good
solution for storage, however, most materials used for solid cycle life, but has low hydrogen storage capacity and high
storage with high storage capacity have disadvantages related material cost. NaAlH4 has a high storage capacity and
to slow kinetics, and materials with fast kinetics have operates at low temperature and pressure conditions, but has
problems with low storage capacity. This study has provided slow release kinetics and poor reversibility at temperatures
an evaluation of the kinetics and materials used for hydrogen below about 150°C.
storage that are being widely researched such as MgH2, TiFe, Keywords - Solid-state hydrogen; the kinetics; materials for
TiMn2, LaNi5, NaAlH4 and LiBH4. From there, it can be hydrogen storage.
concluded that a number of substances such as MgH2 have a
high hydrogen storage capacity but difficulties with
decomposition temperature and slow kinetics. LaNi5 easily
1. INTRODUCTION hydrogen storage through adsorption using metal-
Hydrogen offers a sustainable and urgent solution to organic frameworks (MOFs) has attracted attention.
mitigate energy, transportation, and various other sector MOFs, which consist of inorganic clusters or metal ions
issues arising from climate change as well as current connected by organic ligands, present challenges due to
fossil fuel sources. The transition from fossil fuels, their need for extremely low temperatures
which dominate current energy systems, to primarily (approximately -196°C) for effective hydrogen
non-emitting energy sources is essential [1]. Green adsorption, limiting practical applications [7,8].
hydrogen is currently produced through various Another potential hydrogen storage solution involves
methods, among which water electrolysis using wind or liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC), though
solar power to generate hydrogen is one of the most releasing hydrogen from these carriers requires high
environmentally friendly methods. Hydrogen produced temperatures. [8].
through these processes can be applied in various fields, Hydrogen storage through absorption in metal
including mobility, heating, energy, and industry [2]. hydrides is a promising solution for various
However, the fundamental nature of renewable energy applications due to its high storage density and
and the imbalance between energy supply and demand significantly improved safety [9]. This method is very
have highlighted the need for effective hydrogen flexible, with a variety of metal hydrides available for
storage solutions for both transportation in mobile both medium-to-large scale applications, as well as for
applications and stationary applications in critical areas short and long-term energy storage. The purpose of this
such as energy. Although hydrogen boasts a high paper is to evaluate the technical properties of hydrogen
energy density, its volumetric density remains low at storage in various metal hydrides.
storable temperatures compared to fuels like gasoline The paper is structured into four main sections. The
and diesel, while the pressure at which hydrogen is first section provides a general overview of the key
stored also determines the energy storage density per parameters related to metal hydride materials. In the
unit volume of this energy source [3]. Currently, second section, a preliminary assessment of six
hydrogen is often stored as compressed gas at high representative hydrides—MgH2, TiFe, TiMn2, LaNi5,
pressure (CGH2) [4] or as liquid hydrogen (LH2) at NaAlH4, and LiBH4—is presented. The third section
temperatures near -253°C. While CGH2 requires examines the structure and morphology of the hydride-
significant energy for compression, LH2 requires a forming alloys, considered as fundamental properties of
large energy input for liquefaction [5]. Furthermore, metal hydride materials. Finally, the positive and
despite effective insulation, LH 2 tanks still experience negative properties of these six materials are evaluated
heat loss due to vaporization over time due to heat in the conclusion section.
absorption from the surroundings [6]. Recently,

ISBN: 978-604-80-9779-0