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228 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT - ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ NẴNG

campaigns to promote environmental conservation. In regulations on nearby factories to reduce pollution
contrast, initiatives for the Kosasthalaiyar River focus levels and encouraging them to adopt more sustainable
primarily on regulating NCTPS, implementing waste disposal methods are essential steps.
stringent pollution control measures, and managing
the disposal of fly ash to minimize its impact on water Furthermore, providing permanent employment
quality and ecosystem health. These efforts require opportunities for the younger and educated population
integrated approaches involving government is crucial. Despite a significant number of educated
interventions, stakeholder participation, and individuals within these villages – as evidenced by a
sustainable management practices to ensure the study conducted in Nettukuppam revealing 120 B.E.
restoration and protection of these vital water bodies graduates, 160 diploma holders, and 150 degree
and their surrounding ecosystems. holders among 960 families surveyed – many remain
2.2. Analysis unemployed. Therefore, the aim should be to improve
the quality of life for these residents without
The primary issue faced by the villages in Ennore displacing them from their ancestral lands.
currently revolves around heavy pollution stemming
from ammonia and fly ash, with unemployment being 3. CURRENT POLLUTION CONTROL
a central concern. These villages are predominantly POLICIES IN THE ENNORE REGION
inhabited by indigenous fishing communities whose To address pollution in the Kosasthalaiyar River
livelihoods have traditionally depended on fishing for Creek in Ennore, several existing policies and
generations. Due to this deep-rooted connection to regulations can be leveraged. Here are some key
their land, the residents are unwilling to relocate. policies:
Therefore, our focus should be on developing policies 1. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
that improve the living conditions within these Act, 1974: This act provides for the prevention and
existing villages. control of water pollution and the maintaining or
restoring of the wholesomeness of water. It empowers
One potential solution is to enhance the green belt
of the region. Trees serve as a natural barrier against the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State
Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) to enforce
harmful pollutants and can help mitigate the impact of regulations related to water pollution.
fly ash to some extent. Additionally, imposing stringent
regulations on nearby factories to reduce pollution 2. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: This act
levels and encouraging them to adopt more sustainable empowers the central government to take measures to
waste disposal methods are essential steps. protect and improve the environment. It provides for
the regulation of industrial activities and the
Furthermore, providing permanent employment prevention, control, and abatement of environmental
opportunities for the younger and educated population pollution.
is crucial. Despite a significant number of educated 3. National Green Tribunal (NGT) Act, 2010: The
individuals within these villages – as evidenced by a NGT has the authority to hear cases related to
study conducted in Nettukuppam revealing 120 B.E. environmental protection and conservation, including
graduates, 160 diploma holders, and 150 degree those concerning water pollution. It can issue orders
holders among 960 families surveyed – many remain and enforce penalties for non-compliance with
unemployed. Therefore, the aim should be to improve environmental laws.
the quality of life for these residents without 4. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016: These
displacing them from their ancestral lands.
rules provide a framework for the management of
The primary issue faced by the villages in Ennore solid waste, including its collection, segregation,
currently revolves around heavy pollution stemming transportation, processing, and disposal. Proper
from ammonia and fly ash, with unemployment being implementation of these rules can help reduce solid
a central concern. These villages are predominantly waste pollution in the river.
inhabited by indigenous fishing communities whose 5. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification,
livelihoods have traditionally depended on fishing for 2019: This notification regulates activities in the
generations. Due to this deep-rooted connection to coastal areas, including Ennore, to protect the coastal
their land, the residents are unwilling to relocate. environment. It restricts certain activities that may
Therefore, our focus should be on developing policies cause pollution or damage to the coastal ecosystem.
that improve the living conditions within these 6. National River Conservation Plan (NRCP): The
existing villages. NRCP aims to improve the water quality of rivers
One potential solution is to enhance the green belt across India, including the Kosasthalaiyar River. It
of the region. Trees serve as a natural barrier against focuses on pollution abatement measures, including
harmful pollutants and can help mitigate the impact of sewage treatment, industrial pollution control, and
fly ash to some extent. Additionally, imposing stringent solid waste management.
ISBN: 978-604-80-9779-0