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HỘI THẢO KHOA HỌC QUỐC TẾ ATiGB LẦN THỨ TÁM - The 8 ATiGB 2023 103

objects during production. With high precision, it
helps minimize errors and increase production
efficiency. In addition, the HCSR04 ultrasonic sensor
is also used in the field of robotics, allowing robots to
move and interact with the surrounding environment
intelligently and safely. Sensors help detect sensitive
objects, avoid collisions and ensure safety during
robot operation.
Table III. Technical specifications of HC-SR04

No. Parameters Value
1 Power Supply 5V DC
2 Quiescent Current 15mA
3 Effectual Angle <15°
4 Ranging Distance 2cm – 400cm
5 Resolution 0.3cm
6 Measuring Angle 30 degree
Fig. 5. The working principle of the ultrasonic sensor 7 Trigger Input Pulse 10uS
The time counter is measured in microseconds D. Block Diagram
(  ). Equation (1) will become: The system consists of two main devices: a sensor
s
6
=
S = 340.T im .10 − 6 / 2 170.T im /10 (2) device and a warning device. The sensor device
comprises four main blocks: Sensor communication,
Where T is the time measured in microseconds. central processing, communication, and power
im
supply. The warning device consists of four main
To display the unit in centimeters, we multiply (2)
by 100: blocks: Warning, central processing, communication,
and power supply.
S cm = 17.T im /10 = 3 0.017.T (3)
im
The central processing block plays a role in
reading results from the sensor, performing
calculations, and providing distance measurement
results, as well as processing signals from the
communication module.
The communication block with the sensor
includes circuits connecting to the ultrasonic sensor.
The alarm block includes circuits connected to the
alarm loudspeaker.
The communication block takes on the role of
sending and receiving communication signals
Fig. 6. The ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 between sensor devices and warning devices.
The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor uses sonar to
determine distance to an object like bats or dolphins
do. It offers excellent non-contact range detection
with high accuracy and stable readings in an
easy-to-use package. From 2cm to 400 cm or 1” to
13 feet. It operation is not affected by sunlight or
black material like Sharp rangefinders are (although
acoustically soft materials like cloth can be difficult to
detect). It comes complete with ultrasonic transmitter
and receiver module [9]. Fig. 7. Block diagram of the sensor device
HCSR04 ultrasonic sensor is widely used in many
different fields. In the manufacturing and automation
industry, this sensor is used to measure the distance
between components and check the position of

ISBN: 978-604-80-9122-4