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HỘI THẢO KHOA HỌC QUỐC TẾ ATiGB LẦN THỨ TÁM - The 8 ATiGB 2023 101

LoRa can operate in different environments, such the sensor will activate the LoRa communication
as crowded cities, industrial parks or rural areas, system to promptly send a signal to the warning
allowing for quick and flexible deployment that is device.
applicable to many areas of daily life. An important After receiving a signal from the sensor device,
benefit of LoRa technology is its ability to save the warning device will emit a warning sound. The
energy. IoT devices using LoRa can operate for long goal is to attract attention and alert other vehicles to
periods of time on a single battery, reducing the the presence of the object. This helps drivers react
frequency and power required to change the battery. promptly to unexpected situations, reducing accidents
This improves efficiency and convenience in applying in areas with limited visibility.
IoT to various applications.
A. Arduino UNO R3
B. The role of LoRa in the field of transportation
LoRa technology can provide smart and efficient
solutions in the transportation sector, from traffic
monitoring and management, smart parking systems
to smart traffic and smart cities:
- Traffic monitoring and management: LoRa
technology allows the installation of sensors and IoT
(Internet of Things) devices on vehicles, signs, or
traffic infrastructure. This helps collect information
about traffic flow, road conditions, vehicle speed, and
other parameters. This information can be used to Fig. 2. Arduino UNO R3
monitor and manage traffic more effectively, reduce
congestion, and increase traffic safety. Arduino UNO is a popular and widely used
microcontroller board in the field of programming. It
- Smart parking systems: LoRa technology can be was first introduced in 2005 and has since undergone
used to deploy smart parking systems. LoRa sensors various iterations and versions, including Arduino
can be installed on parking locations to monitor Serial, Arduino USB, Arduino Extreme, Arduino NG
availability and assist users in finding vacant parking (Nuova Generazione), Arduino Diecimila, Arduino
spaces through mobile applications. This helps Duemilanove, and the Arduino UNO. The Arduino
minimize the time spent searching for a parking Uno R3, currently in its third generation, stands out as
space, reduce traffic flow, and increase the efficiency one of the most popular versions due to its
of parking space usage. affordability and flexibility. With its open-source
- Smart transportation and smart cities: LoRa hardware design, Arduino Uno R3 offers a range of
technology can be integrated with other smart options suitable for a wide variety of audiences and
transportation systems, such as traffic signal control projects [5].
systems or smart urban management systems. The use Table I. Technical specifications of arduino UNO R3
of LoRa in these applications enables fast, energy- No. Parameters Value
efficient, and scalable information transmission.
These applications help optimize traffic flow, enhance 1 Microcontroller ATmega328P-AU
safety, and conserve energy in modern cities. 2 Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage
LoRa technology plays a crucial role in our low 3 (recommended) 7-12V
visibility area traffic warning system by efficiently
collecting and transmitting data from sensors to traffic 4 Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
warning devices. 5 Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide
PWM output)
III. SYSTEM DESIGN 6 Analog Input Pins 6
In this study, we deploy a system using two main 7 DC Current per I/O Pin 40mA
devices: a distance measuring device and a warning 8 DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50mA
device. To ensure the effectiveness of the system, we
used the high-precision HCSR04 ultrasonic sensor as 9 Flash Memory 32KB
the distance sensor. 10 SRAM 2KB
The HC-SR04 sensor plays a crucial role in 11 EEPROM 1KB
distinguishing between stationary and moving objects 12 Clock Speed 16MHz
by continuously monitoring changes in the distance of
objects over time. When a moving object is detected,

ISBN: 978-604-80-9122-4